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    • 专利摘要:
    The subject of the invention is a method for managing a plurality of energy storage assemblies (18A-18C, 20) for supplying electrical energy to an object to be powered (16) during a phase the storage assemblies being electrically connected in parallel, at least one DC converter (22, 24) being interposed between the energy storage assemblies and the object to be powered, so that the energy from each storage set is converted independently from that from the other sets, the method being characterized in that, during the discharge phase: - at least one parameter relative to each storage set is measured, - as a function of parameters measured for all the sets and at least one output power relative to the object to be powered, it is determined for the or each converter at least one setpoint relative to a respective electrical output, of so that a separate setpoint is associated with each of the sets, - the converter or converters are controlled so that the corresponding setpoint is applied. The invention also relates to a system for the application of the method according to the invention.
    公开号:FR3016702A1
    申请号:FR1450394
    申请日:2014-01-17
    公开日:2015-07-24
    发明作者:Paven Yvon Le；Gilles Brunet；Christian Sellin；Jean-Jacques Jestin
    申请人:Blue Solutions SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The subject of the invention is a system for supplying energy to an object, using a plurality of energy storage assemblies and in particular a method for managing the supply of energy by these assemblies. storage. Energy storage assemblies are already known, in particular batteries, connected in series or in parallel and intended to power an object, one or more DC converters being placed between these storage assemblies and the object to be powered. The energy is transferred in case of necessity from the storage sets to the object to feed, according to the demands of the object. The energy from the assemblies is generally converted uniformly for all assemblies, the assemblies being controlled to provide power uniformly to the object to be energized. Such a relatively conventional supply system generally gives satisfaction. However, in some cases, particularly when a large number of energy storage assemblies are used, for example to supply energy to a plurality of dwellings, it can be seen that the lifetime of each of the sets in the The system is not as important as when the sets are used individually. The object of the invention is thus to improve the service life of an energy supply system as described above. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a method for managing a plurality of energy storage assemblies intended to supply electrical energy to an object to be supplied during a discharge phase. storage being electrically connected in parallel, at least one DC converter being interposed between the energy storage assemblies and the object to be powered, so that the energy from each storage unit is converted independently from that from the other sets, in which, during the discharge phase: - at least one parameter relative to each storage set is measured, - as a function of the parameters measured for all the sets and of at least a relative output power to the object to be powered, is determined for the or each converter at least one instruction relative to a respective electrical output, so that a separate instruction is associated to each of the sets, the converter (s) is controlled so that the corresponding setpoint is applied. In this way, while taking into account the needs of the object to feed, we adapt the operation of the system taking into account any specificities of each set of storage. In fact, each of the assemblies used for the power supply of the object is managed in a personalized manner, thus optimizing the lifetime of each of the assemblies, also making it possible to increase the duration of the view of the system. Indeed, it is common that two sets of storage do not have quite the same behavior in operation. These minor differences when the assemblies leave the production lines can be widened after a certain number of operating cycles, thus causing the degradation of one of the sets. This degradation can lead to an over-revving operation of the other sets which can then degrade more quickly than when they operate in isolation. The invention overcomes this drawback, in particular by taking into account the parameters of all the sets and not only those of the set concerned to determine the setpoint of the converter associated with the set. The invention thus makes it possible to obtain a power supply system whose life is greater than that obtained in the state of the art. It also makes it possible to broaden the dispersions of characteristics of the sets chosen to constitute the system, these dispersions no longer being problematic, even when the assemblies work together.
    [0002] The method according to the invention may comprise one or more characteristics of the following list: as a reminder, the setpoint at the output of the converter is the imposed value of an electrical quantity (in particular voltage or current) at the converter, a converter distinct can be associated with each storage set. Alternatively, the same converter can be associated with several storage sets. Said converter then comprises several electrical branches in parallel each connected to a storage assembly and a means for adjusting the electrical quantity (such as IGBT type) by electrical branch. Note however that if a converter is electrically connected to several storage assemblies, these sets can operate either all in the same mode, (load or discharge), or independently of each other. This latter embodiment allows a good individual adjustment of the storage sets without increasing costs significantly. The number of sets per converter is preferably reduced, for example less than five, which still allows a better flexibility of the system, for example in the event of a converter failure, the output power can be a predetermined power and constant, in particular considered as sufficient to supply the object, or a power demanded by the object to be supplied at each instant, measured in the installation, and therefore liable to be variable, at least one characteristic relating to the together based on the or at least one of the measured parameters, said one or more characteristics relating to an assembly being capable of being used to determine the setpoint of the converter associated with at least one other set. The at least one of the features is an energy level stored in the set and / or a permissible discharge intensity. preferably, each set comprises a measurement unit for measuring the parameter or parameters relating to the set and optionally means for determining the at least one of the characteristics relating to the set. These measured parameters can indeed be used to manage other internal commands to the energy storage set and include them in the set. This embodiment therefore makes it possible to gather the functionalities and to avoid additional costs, and the assembly is also controlled so that the intensity of discharge of the latter does not exceed the determined admissible discharge intensity. The control means for this purpose can be integrated into the assembly, at least one of the sets, in particular each set, is capable of transmitting the or at least one of the measured parameters and / or the or at least the one of the characteristics determined to a processing unit which performs the step of determining the setpoints of the converters associated with each set. This processing unit can thus easily perform by possessing all the necessary data relating to the sets, the step of determining the output setpoints associated with each set, the method according to the invention can notably comprise the following steps: when the value of the set or at least one determined parameter and / or of the or at least one determined characteristic associated with a set, said weak set, is comprised in a first predetermined range of values, the setpoint of the converter associated with said set only is determined as a function of the values of the parameter or parameters and / or of the characteristic or characteristics relating to the set, o for the sets whose value of the determined parameter (s) and / or the associated determined characteristics is not included in the first range, said strong sets, one determines the instructions of the converter or converters associated with said sets e n function of the output power and the setpoints of the converter (s) determined for the weak sets, the assemblies that store less energy than expected (or weak assemblies) are therefore reported and are the only ones that benefit from a particular treatment adapted. We can ask them less power but in return, we ask the other sets increased power. In particular, the total power to be transmitted by the sets from which the power that can be provided by the weak sets is subtracted without degrading them. The power thus determined is divided by the number of strong sets to determine the power that each must provide. The setpoints of the converters are then set so that each strong set provides the same power. This makes it possible to equalize the energy levels of the different sets and thus to better manage the entire system, each set preferably transmits the value of the determined parameter (s) and / or of the determined characteristic (s) to the processing unit. only if the value of the characteristic or parameter falls within the first range. In this way, unnecessary communications within the system are avoided and only weak sets are reported to the processing unit so that it can take them into account. Alternatively, all the sets transmit their parameters, for example every second or so, in particular according to a synchronization established by the processing unit. In this way, data collisions are avoided. -4- the assembly is particularly said to be "weak" if the allowable discharge intensity is less than a threshold value. The discharge intensity can be determined from the measured parameters and / or other characteristics relating to the set, such as the level of energy stored therein. A particular case that can be encountered is as follows: when the stored energy level of a set is less than a threshold value, for example 5%, a zero permissible discharge intensity is determined for this set and then a setpoint of the converter associated with the set equal to zero is determined. for example, that an output voltage setpoint is set to 0V, which amounts to disconnecting the storage assembly from the rest of the electrical circuit and in particular from the object to be powered. Such zero allowable discharge intensity can also be determined when certain conventional alarms are reported within the storage assembly, for example if it is reported that the temperature is below a certain threshold or on the contrary above a certain threshold. , which indicates a failure of the storage assembly, the measured parameter (s) (within each set) are notably included in the following list: o An intensity circulating in the set, and / or o A voltage at the terminals at least a part of the set, and / or o A set temperature, when the value of the or at least one parameter and / or the at least one feature associated with a set is in a second predetermined range, the setpoint of the converter associated with the set is determined so that a non-zero power is transmitted to the assembly, the converter being bidirectional. This parameter or verified characteristic may be other than that compared to the first range of values or may be the same, the second range of values then being included in the first range. In particular, when the energy level of a set is less than a threshold value, for example 1%, this set is controlled so that it operates in charge mode and a setpoint of the converter associated with the set is determined. so that a non-zero power is transmitted to the set. This avoids a total discharge of the whole. The power is transmitted to the assembly obtained in particular by transmitting a voltage setpoint of the converter associated with this set greater than the nominal voltage of the assembly which makes it possible to charge the assembly. This set can then be loaded at low intensity from the other storage assemblies, the other sets remaining however in discharge mode, each energy storage assembly is in particular a battery module comprising at least one elementary cell, in particular a plurality of elementary cells in series. Each cell has an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte, the anode and cathode exchanging ions through the electrolyte so that an oxidation-reduction reaction occurs in the cell. The battery module is preferably of lithium metal polymer type with an electrolyte made of polymer and solid when the battery module is at rest. This configuration increases the security of the battery module and its service life. The energy storage assemblies are connected to at least one energy source, via the converter or converters, said one or two converters being bidirectional, the method comprising a step of controlling the converters and sets for the transition from the discharge phase to a charging phase. The charging phase indeed makes it possible to store energy in the storage assemblies and is therefore very important, the transition from the discharge phase to the charging phase is carried out when measuring that an input power is supplied. by the electrical source is greater than a threshold power, including the power output. This is particularly the case when the energy source is a means of energy generation that does not supply energy continuously but depends, for example, on the climatic conditions, during the charging phase: the power supplied by the electrical source and it is determined whether the available power is sufficient to charge the assemblies at a predetermined charging intensity, and, o if this is the case, determining an instruction of the converter or converters associated with each set chosen for charging each set to the predetermined charging current, o otherwise, determining an instruction of the converter or converters associated with each set chosen in order to charge each set to the same power and determining at least one charge quantity of the set, in particular a permissible load current, according to this setpoint In this charging phase, as previously explained, the voltage setpoint of the converter is in particular set to be greater than the voltage of the energy storage assembly. Here again the setpoint of the converter according to the electrical element which receives the energy namely the storage assembly. When sufficient energy is available, only the parameters of the set can be considered to determine the associated setpoint. However, if the power source is not sufficiently powerful, the equal load of each of the low current sets is carried out rather than favoring the load of some, which makes it possible to homogenize the system and thereby increase its capacity. lifetime, the energy storage assemblies can be connected to two different energy sources, in particular via the DC bus, one of the energy sources being in particular a means of generating energy while the Another source is an electrical distribution network. The main power source is preferably the power generation means, and the sets (and the object to be powered) are connected to the other power source when the input power supplied by the main source and the power supplied by the sets in the discharge phase is less than a threshold power, in particular the output power. This allows to optimize the use of the installation since the objects to be powered can always be powered, at least through the backup power network. This back-up electrical network is, however, connected only when it is really necessary for the assemblies and / or the object to be powered. The invention also relates to a system for supplying energy to an object to be powered, the system comprising a plurality of energy storage assemblies for supplying energy to the object to be supplied in a phase of energy. discharge, the storage assemblies being electrically connected in parallel, at least one DC converter being interposed between the energy storage assemblies and the object to be powered, so that the energy from each storage assembly is converted independently of that from the other sets, the system also comprising: means for measuring at least one parameter relating to each storage assembly, means for determining a setpoint relating to an electrical quantity associated with each of the assemblies at the output of the converter or converters as a function of the parameters measured by all the measuring means and of an output power relating to the object supply, control means of the or each converter so that the respective directions are applied to the converters. As already indicated, a converter can be placed in series of each energy storage assembly or interposed between a plurality of storage assemblies and the object to be powered. Anyway the converter is still able to apply a different setpoint for each of the sets with which it is electrically connected. Preferably, the measuring means are provided at each set, the system also comprising a processing unit able to communicate with all the sets and comprising the means for determining the setpoint associated with each set.
    [0003] In this case, the processing unit is preferably also able to communicate with the control means of the converter or converters. The energy storage assemblies can be connected to at least one energy source, via the converter or converters, said one or two converters being bidirectional. It is thus possible to charge or discharge, via the converter or converters, the energy storage assemblies. Optionally, the energy storage assemblies are connected to two different energy sources, one of the energy sources being in particular a means of generating energy while the other of the sources is a distribution network. electric. The system can of course also include one or more of the features defined above in connection with the method. We will now describe a non-limiting embodiment of the invention using the figures detailed below, in which: Figure 1 is a simplified electrical diagram of the system according to a particular embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram of a management method of the system of FIG. 1 and in particular storage assemblies according to a particular embodiment of the invention. FIG. 1 shows a system 10 according to one embodiment of the invention. As can be seen in the figure, this system comprises two distinct sources of energy, namely a means of generating energy 12 from a natural source, here represented by a photovoltaic panel, and a distribution network of electricity 14. It will be noted that the means for generating electrical energy 12 actually comprises, of course, when the energy is of solar origin, much more than one panel, the panels being able to be connected in parallel and / or in series. . Of course, the means for generating energy could be any other means, such as a wind turbine, a tidal turbine, etc. The electricity distribution network could also be replaced by a generator.
    [0004] The system according to the invention also comprises an object to power 16, here represented by a dwelling but which could be any electric charge, whatever its nature and the power required to power it. The network 14 could also be considered as an object to be powered, but this is not the case in the embodiment described here. It also comprises energy storage means, comprising a plurality of energy storage assemblies 18A, 18B, 18C, 20, here all identical and arranged in parallel. The energy storage assemblies are in particular battery modules generally comprising at least one elementary cell, and preferably a plurality of elementary cells in series, each cell comprising a cathode, an anode and an electrolyte so that a reaction of Oxidation-reduction occurs within each elementary cell. The battery module is preferably of the lithium type and in particular of the lithium metal polymer type, with an electrolyte in solid form when the battery module is at rest, which makes it possible to improve the safety and the lifetime of the module. Of course, the module could however be of any other type, for example lithium-ion. The modules could also not all be identical, and in particular be of different type and / or have different storage capacities. The number and the arrangement of the storage assemblies is not limited to what has been described, some assemblies may for example be arranged in series. The system also includes DC converters 22 and 24, arranged in series with the storage assemblies. More particularly, the converter 22 is interposed between the storage assemblies 18A-18C on the one hand and the electrical sources 12, 14 and the object to be fed 16 on the other hand. The converter 24 is interposed between the storage assembly 20 on the one hand and the electrical sources 12,14 and the object to be fed 16 on the other hand. The charging current that arrives in each of the storage assemblies (from the electrical sources) and the discharge current that is obtained (to supply the object 16) therefore necessarily passes through a converter. The converters are of any known type and preferably consist of choppers.
    [0005] As can be seen in FIG. 1, the converters 22, 24 are not of the same type. The converter 24 is intended to be arranged in series with a single energy storage unit 20 while the converter 22 is arranged upstream of three storage assemblies 18A-18C and is intended to manage them. It comprises for this purpose three electric branches in parallel each having a setting means for adjusting an electrical quantity specific to this electrical branch, for example a controllable switch type IGBT transistor 26A-26C.
    [0006] Thus, one can manage each set of storage individually, even if a single converter is placed upstream of three storage sets. The converters 22, 24 operate as voltage generators which apply a controllable predetermined voltage and which can be distinct upstream of each storage assembly. Said predetermined voltage is the voltage setpoint of the converter. It will be noted that the converters could also be current generators and it would then be possible to control and apply a current setpoint. In the prescribed embodiment, depending on the voltage setpoint applied to each converter or to each branch of the converter, the batteries can be charged or discharged. The charge is made in particular when the converter has a voltage setpoint associated with the storage assembly higher than the voltage of the storage assembly and the discharge is performed when the converter has a voltage setpoint associated with the less storage set than the storage set. The converters are not limited to what has been described. They could indeed be placed upstream of a number of storage sets. For example, a single converter could manage the voltage setpoints of all storage sets. A separate converter could at the opposite end be used per storage assembly, as illustrated with the assembly 20. The first option allows a cost saving but is not very interesting because the charging and discharging phases of sets associated with the same converter must be managed together. A good compromise is to connect each converter with three sets. Obviously, this option is not the only valid one and many configurations can lead to functional systems and to fulfill the above purpose. As previously indicated, the group consisting of sets 18A-18C; 20 and 22-24 converters is electrically connected firstly to the electrical sources 12, 14 and secondly to the object to be supplied 16. All these electrical organs are connected together through a DC bus 29 which allows managing electrical energy from multiple sources optimally and flexibly, including allowing some storage assemblies to be charged while others are in landfill. The DC bus 29 is more particularly connected, on the one hand, to the solar panels 12 and, on the other hand, to the electrical distribution network 14 to which the object to be supplied is also connected. It will also be noted that interconnection means 28 are provided. in order to connect the DC bus to the network 14 and / or to the object to be powered 16 as well as the object to be fed 16 to the network 14. Interposed between the electrical source 12 and the DC bus on the one hand and the network 14, the object 16 and the DC bus on the other hand, the system also comprises a converter, respectively 30 and 32, for adapting the electrical energy supplied by each of the electric sources 12, 14 to an energy able to charge the sets 18A-18C storage; 20. It will be noted that energy storage assemblies store energy in continuous form. The converter 30 located downstream of the photovoltaic panels 12 is in particular a charger comprising a DC converter, the panels also producing the energy in continuous form. The charger is in particular of the MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) type, in which the converter adapts its voltage setpoint according to the power produced by the panels when it applies this These panels are non-linear generators that do not produce the same power depending on the voltage at which they generate the electrical energy. The converter is of course adapted to the electrical source, a downstream converter of a wind turbine that produces an alternating current type would for example be an AC / DC converter or rectifier. The converter 32 located downstream of the network 14 and to which the object to be powered is also connected is a bilateral AC / DC converter, transforming the energy produced in alternative form into energy in continuous form and vice versa, the network distributing the current in an alternative form and the object to be powered using also the current in this form. It should be noted that the network and the associated converter are emergency energy generation means which should theoretically not be used during normal operation of the system and are present in the system only to remedy malfunctions of certain elements of this system. . The system according to the invention could therefore be designed without the electrical branch comprising the network 14. In a variant, the object to be powered can also be the general electrical distribution network which then feeds the storage assemblies when there is a surplus of electrical energy relative to the power demanded in the network, the energy being restored to the network when the power produced elsewhere in the network is not sufficient. The system also comprises measuring means 38A, 38B, 38C, 40 relating to each storage assembly 18A, 18B, 18C, 20, these measuring means being intended to measure at least one parameter relating to each storage assembly. These parameters are in particular the temperature of the storage assembly, a current flowing in at least a part of the assembly and / or a voltage across at least a part of the assembly. These means comprise known ad hoc sensors and are generally integrated with the energy storage assembly. The parameters measured by the measuring means can then be analyzed by analysis means 42A, 42B, 42C respectively; 44 including means for determining at least one characteristic, such as a battery charge level or a discharge current setpoint, from the measured parameters. These analysis means are preferably also integrated with the energy storage assembly and allow good management of the storage assembly. They are part of an integrated element called BMS (Battery Management System) and intended to manage the storage set with which it is associated. Such a device performs in particular tests on measured parameters and / or characteristics determined from the measured parameters and when the tests return abnormal results, perform actions to limit the consequences of the malfunction. For example, when the temperature of the storage assembly is not within a predetermined range, the analysis means can control interconnection means such as a fuse to disconnect the storage assembly from the rest of the circuit . It will therefore be noted that control means can be integrated in the analysis means. As a variant, the measurement and / or analysis means could be external to the storage assembly even if it comprises an element such as a BMS, which would nevertheless be less advantageous in terms of costs. . The analysis means are optional or could be integrated with other components of the system, including the processing unit 54 described below.
    [0007] The system also comprises measuring means 46 located in the electrical branch of the electrical source 12 and for measuring the input power that said source 12 is able to provide. These measuring means 46 may in particular comprise means for measuring the voltage and the intensity in this electrical branch, in particular at the output of the MPPT charger 30.
    [0008] It may also include measuring means 48 located in the electrical branch of the object to be powered 16 and making it possible to measure the output power required by the object to be powered. These measuring means 48 may in particular comprise means for measuring the voltage and the intensity in this electrical branch. Alternatively, the system may not include these measuring means but the output power may be predetermined according to the known needs of the object to be powered. The system also includes control means 50A, 50B, 50C; 52 of the converters, these control means for controlling the application of a predetermined voltage setpoint in association with each set. The means 50A, 50B, 50C control in particular the adjustment means 26A, 26B, 26C each located on an electrical branch of the converter 22. The system also comprises control means 53 of the interconnection means 28. The system also comprises a processing unit 54 in communication with all the measurement and analysis means described above. This processing unit 54 notably comprises data storage means for storing the parameters and / or characteristics that it receives from the various organs of the system as well as execution means, such as a processor, which enable it to determine the voltage setpoints associated with each of the sets from the measured parameters and / or determined characteristics transmitted by the energy storage assemblies. We will now describe the operation of the system and in particular the method 200 for managing the energy storage assemblies according to one embodiment of the invention. The respective input and output powers of the system are first measured with the aid of the respective means 46, 48 during a step 202. These two powers are then compared, by means of the unit. in particular, in a step 204. If the power input Pe is less than the output power Ps, it means that the power supplied by the electrical source 12 is not sufficient to power the object to feed. We must then obtain additional energy through the energy storage sets and we therefore choose to unload the energy storage assemblies to the object to be powered. The processing unit 54 therefore sends the packs the instruction to go into discharge mode (discharge phase 205A). On the other hand, if the input power Pe is greater than the output power Ps, this means that the photovoltaic panels supply enough energy from the source to feed the object 16 and that there is still energy available in the system. So we try to store this energy and we choose to load the energy storage sets. The processing unit 54 therefore sends the packs the instruction to go into charge mode (charging phase 205B). Discharge phase: In the case where one is in the discharge phase, the respective measuring means 38A-38C; 40 of each storage assembly 18A-18C; 20 measure the parameters relating to the storage assembly, namely in particular the temperature and the voltage across the assembly, during a step 206. The respective analysis means 42A-42C; 44 then determine certain characteristics of the storage assembly, such as the charge level and the permissible discharge intensity, also called the current limitation set, of each storage assembly during a step 208. The means of analysis 42A-42C, 44 then control including the storage assembly so that the discharge intensity does not exceed the value of the set. The various parameters and characteristics are transmitted to the processing unit 54 during a step 210. The processing unit 54 is therefore able to calculate using the voltages and current limiting setpoint of each storage assembly 18A. -18C; The power available at the terminals of each set and the maximum power Pmax that can be supplied by the sets (sum of the powers of each set) and compares this power Pmax with the power required to supply the object 16, ie (Ps-Pe) in a step 212. If the power Pmax is not greater than (Ps-Pe), Pmax is compared with another critical lower threshold power Pc, during a step 214. If the power Pmax is less than the critical power Pc, this means that the system will not be sufficient to supply the object 16 and the interconnection means 28 and the storage assemblies are controlled by means of the processing unit 54 and control means In particular, the interconnection means 28 are controlled so that the current from the network can supply both the storage assemblies and the object to be powered. The storage assemblies can then also be powered by the solar panels. The storage assemblies are also controlled by the respective analysis means 42A-42C, 44 to enter charge mode. In the opposite case, the interconnection means 28 are controlled so that the object to be powered is connected to the DC bus 29 and possibly to the network 14 but the DC bus is not then connected to the network 14. If the power P max is greater than Pc, it is considered that the system is sufficient to power the object to be powered but that it is necessary to use the maximum power of each set and, in a step 218, the processing unit 54 determines the voltage setpoints associated with each of the assemblies based solely on the characteristics of the assemblies, namely so that the corresponding assembly discharges at the permissible discharge intensity towards the object to be fed 16. The converters 22, 24 are then controlled during a step 220 to apply the determined instructions, through the means 50A-50C; 52. Of course, the voltage setpoints will be lower than the respective measured voltages of the storage assemblies, since these sets are in discharge mode. If, on the other hand, the power Pmax is greater than (Ps-Pe), the processing unit 54 checks for each of the sets 18A-18C; 20 if the current limitation set IDigA, ID1813, 'DISC,' Dm, is greater than a threshold value Is, during a step 222. If this is the case, it is considered that each set of storage functions normally . It is then desired to apply a uniform discharge of all the sets. The processing unit 54 thus calculates the voltage setpoints associated with each of the sets to be applied to the converters 22, 24 and to achieve this result. The instructions associated with each of the sets 18A-18C; 20 are the same. During a step 226, the control means 50A-50C; 52 apply these instructions to the converters.
    [0009] If, on the other hand, the current limiting setpoint associated with one or more storage assemblies is less than the threshold value Is, these sets being said to be "weak", these assemblies are spared to avoid their deterioration. A particular case is when the analysis means of the set determine that the current limiting setpoint is OA, in particular because the charge level of the set is less than 5%. The processing unit tests, in a step 227, whether the current limiting setpoint associated with a given set is zero. If this is not the case, the processing unit 54 calculates, during a step 228, for each of these "weak" sets, a voltage setpoint associated therewith which is solely a function of the characteristics of the set. together, so that said assembly discharges at a current corresponding to its permissible discharge current. During a step 230, it then calculates the power remaining to be distributed (Ps-Pe-power supplied by each of the weak sets), and the voltage setpoint associated with the sets not identified as "weak" is calculated so that each of the Non-weak sets provide the same power. The setpoints of non-weak sets are therefore equal and make up for failures of weak sets. In a step 232, the control means 50A-50C; 52 apply to the converters these instructions thus determined. If, on the other hand, one of the "weak" sets has transmitted a zero current limit setpoint to the unit, the processing unit 54 checks in a step 234 whether the energy stored in the "weak" set considered is less than a threshold energy, for example an energy of 1%. If this is not the case, steps 228 to 232 are applied, the assembly having a zero current limiting setpoint being due to the value of its admissible discharge intensity disconnected from the object to be supplied. The converter is then also applied a zero voltage setpoint in association with the set considered. Note that the current setpoint is applied to the set once the voltage setpoint has been applied to the converter. If, on the other hand, the energy of the storage unit is lower than the threshold energy, it is preferable to charge it at a very low current to prevent it from being completely discharged. In a step 236, the unit controls the passage of the corresponding storage assembly in charging phase through the analysis means of the assembly while the other sets remain in the discharge phase. It also determines a voltage setpoint associated with this set to obtain its load at the requested current and calculates the power generated by the load during a step 238. It then performs steps 228 to 232 by calculating that the power remaining to be distributed is increased the power used to keep the whole loaded. This method is applied in real time during the entire discharge phase: the current limitation setpoints from the sets are likely to be modified during discharge, and the instructions transmitted to the converters are also modified accordingly.
    [0010] Charge phase: If during the initial test step 204, it is determined that the sets 18A-18C; 20 must be in charge mode, the steps of measurement, determination and transmission 206 to 210 already indicated in the discharge phase are carried out. It is then tested, in a step 240, from the data obtained in steps 202, 206 and 208, if the power dedicated to the charging of the sets (Pe-Ps) is greater than a charging power Pch corresponding to the charge of all sets at rated current. The power Pch is determined also using the information relating to the voltage of each set. If this power is not greater than the charging power, the setpoints associated with each set at the converters are determined so that the charge of the assemblies is carried out uniformly and the power is distributed uniformly over the different sets when a step 242. The control means 50A-50C are controlled; 52 during a step 244 for them to apply said instruction. In a step 246, the setpoint transmitted to the converter and each adapted set, through its analysis means 42A-42C, 44, is also transmitted to each set, the charge current limitation setpoint applied to the set. together, in a step 248. If the available power for charging the sets 18A-18C; 20 is in contrast higher than the charging power, the charging is carried out in a conventional manner, namely that a voltage setpoint is determined by the processing unit 54 only according to the characteristics of the assembly, especially so that the assembly is charged to the nominal current, during a step 250. Then in a step 252, the converters 22; 24 are controlled through the control means 50A-50C; 52 to apply the instructions calculated by the processing unit. As indicated above, in this charging phase, the voltage setpoints applied in association with a storage assembly are necessarily higher than the voltage of the assembly. If the electrical energy comes from the network 14, it is considered that the available power is necessarily greater than the load power and thus goes from step 216 directly to step 250.
    [0011] Thus, the method as described makes it possible to adapt to the dispersions of the energy storage assemblies in order to prolong the life of the storage assemblies even when they work in conjunction with other assemblies. The process is however not limited to what has been described. Many steps are optional such as the step of checking the charge level of the storage set. The powers chosen for the thresholds may also be different from what has been indicated. Some steps may also vary depending on the system configuration, for example if the determining means is integrated in the processing unit and not in the storage set. The assembly could also transmit to the processing unit the current limiting instruction only when it is below a certain limit. Many other modifications not described in the application may also form part of the invention as long as these modifications fall within the scope of the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A method (200) of managing a plurality of energy storage assemblies (18A-18C, 20) for supplying electrical power to an object to be powered (16) during a discharge phase (205A ), the storage assemblies being electrically connected in parallel, at least one DC converter (22, 24) being interposed between the energy storage assemblies and the object to be powered, so that the energy coming from each storage set is converted independently from that from the other sets, the method being characterized in that, during the discharge phase: - measuring (206) at least one parameter relative to each storage set, - in according to the parameters measured for all the assemblies and of at least one output power relating to the object to be powered, it is determined (218, 224, 228, 230) for the or each converter at least one instruction relating to an electrical quantity. respective output, so that a separate setpoint is associated with each of the sets, it controls (220, 226, 232) or converters so that the corresponding setpoint is applied.
    [0002]
    2. Method (200) according to the preceding claim, wherein at least one converter (22) comprises a plurality of electrical branches in parallel each connected to a set of energy storage (18A-18C), each electrical branch comprising a means adjusting (26A-26C) the electrical quantity specific to said branch.
    [0003]
    3. Method (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein (208) at least one characteristic relating to the set is determined as a function of the or at least one of the measured parameters, said one or more characteristics. relating to an assembly being capable of being used to determine the output setpoint associated with at least one other set.
    [0004]
    The method (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one of the features is an energy level stored in the set and / or a permissible discharge intensity.
    [0005]
    5. Method (200) according to the preceding claim, wherein the storage assembly is also controlled (208) so that its intensity does not exceed the permissible discharge intensity.
    [0006]
    The method (200) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein each set (18A-18C, 20) comprises a measurement unit (38A-38C, 40) for measuring the parameter (s) relating to the set and optionally determining means (42A-42C, 44) of the at least one of the characteristics relating to the permissible power.
    [0007]
    7. Method (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the sets (18A-18C, 20), in particular each set, is capable of transmitting (210) the or at least one measured parameters and / or the or at least one of the determined characteristics to a processing unit (54) which performs the step of determining (216, 224, 228, 230) the setpoints of the converters (22, 24) associated with each of the sets.
    [0008]
    8. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein: - when the value of the or at least one determined parameter and / or the or at least one determined characteristic (ID18A, 1D1813, ID18C, ID20) associated with a set , said weak set, is comprised in a first predetermined range of values, the setpoint of the converter associated with said set is determined (228) solely as a function of the value of the parameters and / or characteristics associated with the set, - for the sets of which the value of the measured parameter (s) and / or the associated determined characteristic (s) is not included in the first range, said strong sets, the setpoints of the converter (s) associated with said sets are determined (230) according to a output power and setpoints of the converter (s) determined for the weak assemblies.
    [0009]
    The method of claim 8, wherein, when the value of the or at least one parameter and / or the or at least one feature associated with a set is within a second predetermined range, determining (238 ) the setpoint of the converter associated with the set, so that a non-zero power is transmitted to the assembly, the or each converter being bidirectional.
    [0010]
    A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one characteristic relating to the set which corresponds to a permissible discharge intensity is determined and the set is said to be small if the permissible discharge intensity (Ipmet, ID1813, ID18C, lotto) is less than a threshold value (1s).
    [0011]
    11. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the measured parameter (s) is (are) included in the following list: - an intensity flowing in the assembly, and / or - a voltage across at least a portion of together, and / or - A temperature of the whole.
    [0012]
    12. The method according to the preceding claim, wherein, when the energy level of a set is less than a threshold value, for example 1%, the set is controlled so that it operates in load mode (236) and an output setpoint of the converter associated with the set is determined (238) so that a non-zero power is transmitted to the set.
    [0013]
    The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the energy storage assemblies (18A-18C, 20) are connected to at least one energy source (12,
    [0014]
    14), through the at least one converter (22, 24), said at least two converters being bidirectional, the method comprising a step of controlling the converters and assemblies for the transition from the discharge phase (205A) to a phase of Charge (205B). 14. The method of the preceding claim, wherein the transition from the discharge phase to the charging phase is performed when measuring input power (Pe) supplied by the source. electrical power is greater than a threshold power including the output power (Ps).
    [0015]
    15. Method according to one of claims 13 or 14, wherein, during the charging phase (205B): one measures (202) a power supplied by the electrical source and is determined (240) if the available power is sufficient for charging the assemblies (18A-18C, 20) at a predetermined charging current, and if so, determining (250) a setpoint of the at least one converter associated with each set selected to charge each set at an intensity predetermined load, otherwise, it is determined (242) an instruction of the converter or converters associated with each set chosen to charge each set to the same power and is determined (248) at least one load quantity of the set, including a permissible load current, according to this instruction.
    [0016]
    16. The method according to one of claims 14 and 15, wherein the energy storage assemblies (18A-18C, 20) are connected to two different energy sources (12, 14), one of the sources of energy. energy being in particular a means of generating energy (12) while the other of the sources is an electrical distribution network (14).
    [0017]
    17. The method according to the preceding claim, wherein the main energy source is the energy generating means (12), and the assemblies are connected to the other energy source (14) when the input power. (Pe) provided by the main source and the power provided by the sets (Pmax) in the discharge phase is less than a threshold power (Pc), including the output power.
    [0018]
    18. System (10) for supplying power to an object to be powered, the system comprising a plurality of energy storage assemblies (18A-18C, 20) for supplying energy to the object to be powered. (16) in a discharge phase, the storage assemblies being electrically connected in parallel, at least one DC converter (22, 24) being interposed between the energy storage assemblies and the object to be powered, so that the energy from each storage assembly is converted independently from that from the other sets, the system further comprising: measuring means (38A-38C, 40) of at least one parameter relating to each set of storage means for determining (54) a setpoint relating to an electrical quantity at the output of the converter or converters associated with each of the sets as a function of the parameters measured by all the measuring means and of an output power (Ps) relative to the object to be supplied, control means (50A-50C, 52) of the or each converter (22, 24) so that the respective instructions are applied to the converters.
    [0019]
    19. System according to the preceding claim wherein the measuring means (38A-38C, 40) are formed at each set (18A-18C,
    [0020]
    20), the system also comprising a processing unit (54) able to communicate with all the sets and comprising the means for determining the setpoint associated with each set. 20. System according to the preceding claim, wherein the processing unit (54) is adapted to communicate with the control means (50A-50C, 52) of the converters (22, 24).
    [0021]
    21. System according to the preceding claim, wherein the energy storage assemblies (18A-18C, 20) are connected to at least one energy source (12, 14), via the converter (s) (22). , 24), said one or more converters being bidirectional.
    [0022]
    22. System according to the preceding claim, wherein the energy storage assemblies (18A-18C, 20) are connected to two separate energy sources (12, 14), one of the energy sources being in particular a energy generation means (12) while the other source is an electrical distribution network (14).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20160336768A1|2016-11-17|
    CA2936879A1|2015-07-23|
    WO2015107136A8|2015-10-15|
    WO2015107136A1|2015-07-23|
    JP2017505098A|2017-02-09|
    FR3016702B1|2017-08-04|
    KR20160110474A|2016-09-21|
    EP3094984A1|2016-11-23|
    CN106461729A|2017-02-22|
    EP3094984B1|2017-11-29|
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    法律状态:
    2016-01-13| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-01-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-01-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-09-27| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20190906 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1450394A|FR3016702B1|2014-01-17|2014-01-17|METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING A PLURALITY OF ENERGY STORAGE ASSEMBLY|FR1450394A| FR3016702B1|2014-01-17|2014-01-17|METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING A PLURALITY OF ENERGY STORAGE ASSEMBLY|
    CN201580013180.XA| CN106461729A|2014-01-17|2015-01-16|Method and system for managing a plurality of energy storage assemblies|
    CA2936879A| CA2936879A1|2014-01-17|2015-01-16|Method and system for managing a plurality of energy storage assemblies|
    EP15700578.6A| EP3094984B1|2014-01-17|2015-01-16|Method and system for managing a plurality of energy storage assemblies|
    US15/111,786| US20160336768A1|2014-01-17|2015-01-16|Method and system for managing a plurality of energy storage assemblies|
    JP2016546964A| JP2017505098A|2014-01-17|2015-01-16|Method and system for managing a plurality of energy storage assemblies|
    KR1020167022336A| KR20160110474A|2014-01-17|2015-01-16|Method and system for managing a plurality of energy storage assemblies|
    PCT/EP2015/050736| WO2015107136A1|2014-01-17|2015-01-16|Method and system for managing a plurality of energy storage assemblies|
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